Hydroponics - Indoor HorticultureHydroponics - Indoor Horticulture represents an educational, in-depth, up-to-date, indoor horticultural growers guide that covers all principles of indoor hydroponic horticulture and gardening. This book contains 110,000 words, with over 300 diagrams, pictures, illustrations, graphs, tables, 3 dimensional CAD renderings, and is printed in full colour. Hydroponics - Indoor Horticulture examines, explores, dissects and
presents a fully comprehensive step by step growers guide, relating
to all and every aspect of indoor hydroponic horticulture, with complete
chapters on plant biology, propagation, hydroponic systems, nutrients,
oxygen, carbon dioxide enrichment, pH, biological pest control, fungi/disease,
cuttings/clones, pruning/training, breeding, harvesting, equipment,
grow rooms, a full history of hydroponics, and more. |
(Below follows a one page
sample taken from the book) Chapter 13 Breeding Your Plants |
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Since mankind took up agriculture and became horticulturally aware, we have been breeding plants, sometimes purposefully, other times not. On the other side of the coin, great Mother Nature has been breeding plants since the beginning of time, and we are the exponential outcome of this experimentation that she naturally performs. The first original farmers realised that taking seeds from only the best and healthiest or heaviest yielding plants, and not from their opposites, gave better results; this process carried forth over time and many, many generations differentiated plants into separate varieties. These new varieties then took on differing characteristics which then had different uses and could thrive under differing environmental conditions. This is basically how breeding started untold years ago. In recent more modern times, true scientific breeding began with Gregor Mendels’ experiments on plants’ inherited characteristics. Gregor Mendels’ experiments crossed peas with different characteristics and discovered that the offspring inherited definitive traits from their parentage in a logical, statistical and predictable way. DNAModern science now tells us that each cell contains a set of chemical blueprints referring to every type of aspect of its existence. These blueprints or chemical codes are called chromosomes and consist of long double strands of sugar, based on one of four amino |
acids. Sets of three of these amino acids form genes which are read by structures in their cell, which in turn directs it in its life processes. These chromosomes are typically found in pairs in most cells. In most flowers and seed producing plants, half of each pair of chromosomes is contributed by the male through pollen and the other half via the female through the flowers. Flowering plants in general have 10 pairs, which are 20 chromosomes. These chromosome genes are queued in a specific order. Corresponding to this, the other members of the pair has a gene mirrored in the same location. In some cases, a single gene can be responsible for a particular characteristic, and in other cases, several genes are the perpetrators of particular characteristics, typically in a complete series of reactions. CharacteristicsApproximately 2% of the time, genes migrate from one member of the pair of chromosomes to the other. This is an important fact, as it gives individual chromosomes the mechanism for changing the information relating to the characteristics for how they are coded, and should be noted if you are going to undertake breeding. There are many factors when considering plants for breeding, and this would be a greatly simplified task if only one trait or characteristic was involved. However, this is not the case, and characters like yield, potency, maturation time, colour, taste, height, aroma, resistance to disease or pests and vigour, as well as others, go into the mix. |
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